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Some firewall products run on top of an operating system; these solutions are commonly called firewall applications One disadvantage that firewall applications have compared with a proprietary operating system is that the firewall vendor must deal with two software products in creating a firewall: the operating system and the firewall application This process can often lead to a less secure system This is especially true when you consider all the security threats that have been directed specifically at UNIX and Microsoft operating systems An example of a firewall product that uses firewall applications is Check Point This is not to say that Check Point s firewall is a worse solution than a firewall product that uses a proprietary operating system However, a firewall vendor like Check Point will have to do many more things to ensure that the firewall application and operating system provide a secure solution (Note that Check Point s next-generation product, SecurePlatform 1, is moving away from this approach and moving toward an integrated solution) The main problem with a firewall application solution is that the vendor not only has to provide a secure firewall application, but must also secure the operating system it runs on However, firewall applications do provide two advantages: They tend to be easy to install and maintain They run on a wide variety of PC/server platforms

The McGraw Hill Companies, 2001

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Proprietary operating systems provide a security advantage over firewall applications a proprietary operating system vendor has to be concerned about only one system, instead of two, in providing a secure firewall solution Another huge advantage of proprietary operating systems is scalability Because a proprietary operating system can be customized to a specific hardware platform, this firewall system can provide extremely fast packet filtering abilities and security capabilities Off-the-shelf operating systems like UNIX and Microsoft Windows are generalpurpose operating systems that were developed to perform many tasks, not all of which are performed at an optimal level Using a general operating system decreases the performance of the packet filtering and firewall functions of the firewall application To provide for scalability, you must load your firewall application on very expensive server platforms Using a proprietary operating system in a firewall solution also makes it much more difficult for hackers to penetrate the firewall Attackers are familiar with the functions of common operating systems like UNIX and Microsoft products, which makes it a little bit easier for them to attack the firewall application However, when vendors use a proprietary operating system to implement their firewall solution, an attacker will have little or no knowledge about the functions and processes of the operating system, making it very difficult for the attacker to compromise the firewall solution Using a proprietary operating system has some disadvantages First, because the operating system is proprietary, your security personnel will have to learn the new system Many of your personnel will already have experience with UNIX or Microsoft Windows, and thus their learning curve in implementing the solution will be shortened NOTE When you are using an underlying proprietary operating system such as Cisco s security appliances, the administrator is unable to interact with the underlying OS Also, because firewall applications are developed for a specific operating system platform like UNIX or Microsoft Windows, your security personnel will already be familiar with the interface that is employed by the firewall A good example of this is Check Point s firewall solution it has a very good, intuitive GUI interface, which makes configuration easy and also reduces the likelihood of making mistakes and opening up unintended holes in your firewall system Here are some of the main advantages of using proprietary OSs for firewalls: They tend to be more secure than firewall applications They provide for better scalability and packet filtering speeds because the operating system is customized directly to work with specific hardware.